Anatomy and Physiology: The Root of Multicellular Organism Diversity

Multicellular life begins when a single sperm (male) out of hundreds of sperms penetrates the membrane of an egg (female) and fertilizes it.  The sperm and egg fuse together to form a zygote.  The zygote divides into two cells, the two cells divide into four cells, the four cells divide into eight cells. . .  At this point, the cells are still unspecialized cells.  However, as the cell division, the cells become specialized when they eventually divide into different types of cells which perform different functions.  When the same type of cells group together to perform the same function, they form a tissue.  In different multicellular organisms, the tissues perform different functions, and the diversity of multicellular organisms result from all these different specialized cells/tissues, even though they all started out as a single unspecialized cell.

AP bio: Ecology Unit Word Cloud

link to ecology unit word cloud: http://www.wordle.net/show/wrdl/4141418/Untitled

In order to show the wide range of ecology, I made the branches of ecology (organismal ecology, population ecology, community ecology, ecosystem ecology, and landscape ecology) the largest words.  The other words are main/important concepts in each branch of ecology.  For population ecology, I used the words logistic and exponential models, which help predict population growth.  I emphasized the word carrying capacity more because the number of individuals an environment can support is a major factor in regulating population growth.  For community ecology, I used 'biodiversity' because the size and geographic location of a community affects species richness and relative abundance, and the interspecific interactions between these species.  In ecosystem ecology, biogeochemical cycles are responsible for the circulation of nutrients and greatly affect the condition of the ecosystem.  In behavioral ecology, sociobiology studies animals' social behavior (ex: mate choices) and learning has a big influence on animal behavior.  Conservation biology uses the small population and declining-population approach to stop population declines, and landscape ecology uses ecological principles (ex: restoration ecology) to preserve and use land responsibly.

Anatomy and Physiology: Chapter 1 Word Cloud

link to go to the chapter 1 word cloud: http://www.wordle.net/show/wrdl/4131171/Untitled

I made homeostasis the largest word because the body is always trying to maintain stable conditions through dynamic equilibrium.  The organ systems help keep our internal conditions stable by performing their functions efficiently and feedback mechanisms by controlling our responses to stimuli.  In anatomy, the three planes (sagittal, frontal, transverse), directional terms, regional terms, and body cavities are used to indicate where each body part is, making it easier to understand how each body part relates to each other.

Source: Elaine N. Marieb's Essentials of Human Anatomy &Physiology, Eighth Edition

Anatomy and AP Bio: Personal Word Cloud